Who invented fabric

When these fibres are twisted into yarns they are ready for production. Through these two types of textile we can divide the raw materials into:. To make textile, you need yarns or filaments. Fabric is processed by knitting or weaving, thus creating a cloth.

This fabric is made into textile products. Textiles nowadays. These days synthethic fibres are still being invented.

Therefore durability is becoming a more important factor as well. Nevertheless, the large majority of textile products continue to be made from natural materials. The cotton shirt has become an indispensable feature in the world of textiles. Home News blog The history of woven textiles. The history of woven textiles. How it all began The development of spinning and weaving began in ancient Egypt around before Christ B. Textile home industry Textile was at first a product of home industry.

Industrialisation of textile production The production of broadcloth was first industrialised in Leiden, Holland. The composition of textiles Textile consists of filaments or fibres.

Through these two types of textile we can divide the raw materials into: Natural materials; such as cotton, linen, wool, silk. With all of the contributions fabric makes to our everyday lives, many people don't stop to think how fabric is created. The process of turning natural and synthetic fibers into cloth is much more complicated than is commonly thought. In this article, we'll learn how the fibers used to make up fabric are extracted and transformed into the clothing and textiles we're familiar with.

Read on to the next section to learn about the many different materials fabric can be made from and how they are grown and harvested. The raw materials that make up fabric can be divided into three distinct categories: those derived from natural plant sources, those from animals and those that are man-made.

To understand how fabric is created, we must first learn how these materials are harvested or created, and what must be done before they're ready to be sent on their journey into fabric production. Cotton - This material comes from the cotton plant and is harvested by machine, then sent to a cotton processing plant.

There, it's run through a series of rollers, which remove the seeds, clear away any debris or impurities, and separate the material into bales. Flax - The flax plant is used to make linen. The plants are pulled from the ground by hand, flattened to remove seeds and combed through to separate the fibers in preparation for fabric production [source: Thomas Jefferson Agricultural Institute].

Silk - This material is made by harvesting the cocoon of the silkworm, which is lined with a thin layer of silk filament that is softened and then removed as one single thread. This thread will be twisted together with several others before it is moved to the next stage of production, as single threads are too thin to work with.

Wool - The coat of a sheep is shorn, and the resulting fleece is washed and carded, or rearrange it into a shape that will be easier to turn into fabric.

It can be done by hand or machine, and produces a square mat of fibers. Rayon - Invented in the late 19th century, this material is a popular alternative to silk. It's made by forcing cellulose through a machine called a spinneret. This machine is similar to a showerhead, and it forms the cellulose from liquid to a solid filament.

Cellulose itself is a simple sugar polymer derived from plants [source: FiberWorld Classroom]. Nylon - Nylon can truly be called the first man-made fiber.

While it's produced the same way rayon is, the ingredients that go into nylon production are not derived from plant sources. Nylon is made from coal and petroleum by-products, water and air. Polyester - This material is a step up from nylon and rayon in terms of strength and versatility. While it, too, is made by forcing chemicals through a spinneret, the chemicals used for polyester are derived from alcohols. Sericulture, the process of harvesting silkworms and producing silk fibers, began in China around 3, B.

For many years, the Chinese kept the secrets of silk production to themselves, even as the silk trade spread across the globe. During this time, removing silkworm eggs or cocoons from China was punishable by death. It wasn't until around A. There are three basic steps required for fabric production.

The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. Here, the raw materials that have been harvested and processed are transformed from raw fibers into yarn and threads. This is done by spinning the fibers. Spinning can be done by hand, but this process is quite tedious and time consuming.

These days, the vast majority of spinning is done by spinning wheel. The fibers are drawn across the wheel, and as it spins, the fibers are collected on a cylindrical object called a bobbin.

The bobbin holds the spun fibers, which are now connected into a long strand of thread or yarn. In the next step, the bobbins will be transferred to another machine, where the yarn will continue on its journey into fabric.

After the raw materials have been converted into yarn, they're ready for the second step in the production process, which involves joining these individual threads together to form fabric.

This process of joining the yarn together is called weaving. Weaving is done on a machine known as a loom and requires two sets of yarn. The first set, called the warp set, is strung tautly across a metal frame. The second, called the weft, is connected to metal rods, with one thread per rod. The loom is controlled by a computer, which lets the weft know how the fabric should be woven.

After the fabric has been woven, it's removed from the loom and is ready for the final step: processing. Fabric that's fresh off the loom is called greige, and it looks nothing like the crisp white sheets or clothing you're used to. It's discolored and full of impurities, seed particles and debris. Before it can be transformed into useful textiles, it must be cleaned. First, it's treated with bleach to purify the base color.

Next, it's treated with a variety of chemicals and cleaners to remove oils, wax and other elements that are naturally occurring in most fibers. Finally, it's ready to be shipped out to clothing and textile manufacturers. In addition to loom weaving, there are other methods for joining fabric, including knitting and crochet.

Discovered in a Neolithic site in Anatolia, these surviving examples of textiles are believed to date from BC. Made from a very basic form of felt; it would have been produced on a loom and then tied in place. For thousands of years there were only natural fabrics, name from the fibres of flax, silk, cotton and wool. These fabrics were all produced from renewable and natural sources.

Around BC, the Egyptians began to produce linen. It was made from wild flax and spun or spliced to make the yarn. The Egyptians used linen to make bandages for mummification and as items of clothing.

There are examples of Egyptian wall art depicting pharaohs, such as Neferatar, wearing linen dresses and shirts. The use of linen grew and spread and by Roman times it became popular to wear linen under other garments. Between and BC cotton came into existence. There is evidence that people of ancient China, India and Egypt were spinning, weaving and dying cotton. By BC India had began to produce cotton textiles on a bigger scale.

Records show growers planting out cotton fields and carvings from this time depict cotton rolling machines used to remove the seeds from the fibres.

In the invention of the power loom brought with it vast improvements to the speed of cotton production. In very early times, around 10, BC, people began to keep sheep to breed for meat. But as the best sheep were kept for breeding their wool became more useful, and by BC their wool was good enough to spin well.

By BC there were approximately 40 different breeds of sheep, which produce more than types of wool. In the Middle Ages woollen garments were popular in Europe.